Abstract
We propose an effective consistency training framework that enforces a training model’s predictions given original and perturbed inputs to be similar by adding a discrete noise that would incur the highest divergence between predictions. This virtual adversarial discrete noise obtained by replacing a small portion of tokens while keeping original semantics as much as possible efficiently pushes a training model’s decision boundary. Moreover, we perform an iterative refinement process to alleviate the degraded fluency of the perturbed sentence due to the conditional independence assumption. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms other consistency training baselines with text editing, paraphrasing, or a continuous noise on semi-supervised text classification tasks and a robustness benchmark.